The findings in this report reflect a 9-month investigation into the state of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Santa Clara River of southern California. Prior to the 1940s, the Santa Clara River was the site of a large southern steelhead trout run each year. Southern steelhead are now listed as endangered by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), and very few run up the Santa Clara. The recovery of this species will depend upon the re-establishment of viable spawning runs on rivers and creeks in southern California. The intent of this study was to understand the state of steelhead on the Santa Clara River, and to devise a list of actions that would lead to rehabilitation of a steelhead trout run on the river.